Yes I'm actually very interested in your notes/citations. I'd be happy to read them. Yes, I agree with everything you said. I also found this research very interesting about the cause of stuttering: - [research ](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/05/240528115020.htm)article: "*Researchers have located the brain network responsible for stuttering*" (2024) ([1](https://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/1d2g7zf/researchers_have_located_the_brain_network/)) - [research](https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/147/6/2203/7667029) study: "*Localization of stuttering based on causal brain lesions*" (2024) In my understanding, this research seem to imply that the left putamen, claustrum and amygdalostriatal transition area - are needed for fluent speech production. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Research ([1](https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/files/15012055/Brocklehurst_Lickley_Corley_2013.pdf), [2](https://iro.uiowa.edu/view/pdfCoverPage?instCode=01IOWA_INST&filePid=13730788390002771&download=true)) states, if a stutter occurs when we anticipate stuttering. Then the anticipation causes a spike, followed by a drop in dopamine release; then a dysfunction in the basal ganglia occurs; then an impairment in the SMA. This results in stuttering. It's sort of a vicious circle or chain reaction. Personally, I disagree that anticipation (or literally any other trigger, perceived error, inner conflict etc) causes such vicious circle or chain reaction. Yes, indeed. I think that all these research are incomplete. We are simply not seeing far enough. Why do we sometimes stutter, and other times speak fluently with anticipation? Yes, we can observe anticipation leading to a stuttering, but.. eventually we get past the speech block even if the anticipation hasn't subsided. So. What made it so that we could get past a block? What changed? All this, to my eyes, seem to imply that the triggers / perceived errors / inner conflict are not truly causal (or contributing) to a motor breakdown in stuttering. This implies that we are not seeing far enough. And, that there is some kind of regulation going on.. that is, in our mind. # Is stuttering simply a consequence of using our mind in a maladaptive way?