Discussion #2: [This research ](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382821631_Characteristics_of_Attentional_Focus_of_Movement_among_Adults_who_Stutter)(2024) *"Characteristics of Attentional Focus of Movement among Adults who Stutter"* says: *"The cause of stuttering is not known. Certain conditions are known to eliminate stuttering immediately. Examples of these conditions, known as fluency-inducing conditions, include speaking with someone else, following the rhythm of a metronome, speaking under delayed auditory feedback. The most common explanation for this effect is "distraction.” 5 Because stuttering is partly an anticipatory struggle behavior, a distraction from one’s stuttering reduces fear or anxiety and, thus, may prevent stuttering. Additionally, these conditions reduce stuttering by changing the allocation of attention in people who stutter. The constrained action hypothesis explains the different effects of these attentional focus types on motor control: Internal focus induces more conscious control of movement, disrupting the process of automatic control. Perhaps stutterers pay too much attention to their articulatory movements (IF condition) and become fluent by altering their attention to their environment. "* **Question**: Given that we can't change genetic factors, how can we improve our mindset and attitude to better influence motor performance affected by attentional focus?