"A non-stutterer just led his words flow; it never occurs to him to anticipate his words or control how each word leaves his mouth." This is incorrect. According to research, non-stutterers focus on anticipating the next sound fluently and prepare for that (pace, inflection, etc). The difference with PWS is, that PWS anticipate the next sound with stuttering and prepare for that (escape behavior, etc). "fear of fear" (aka choosing stutter patterns just because of the probability) [This post](https://www.reddit.com/r/Stutter/comments/xr6luy/tips_for_people_who_stutter_advice_on_how_to) explains about reality-based doubt, that leads to the use of sense information > solution. While obsessional doubt, leads to distrust of sense information > more doubt. At the end of that post are exercises to deal with fearful letters. What is your opinion? Any tips to improve the strategies?